Instead, the equipment was kept in a common supply bin where the workers could readily obtain it when needed and return it when work was completed. [, Swaged attachments or spliced eyes on wire suspension ropes may not be used unless they are made by the manufacturer or a qualified person. Non-mandatory examples of criteria that will enable an employer to comply with 29 CFR 1926.451(a) are contained in 29 CFR 1926 Subpart L Appendix A. [, Unless it is designed and installed to support employees and materials without tipping, or has guardrails that block employee access, each end of a platform may not extend over its support more than 12 inches (for platforms 10 feet or shorter in length) or more than 18 inches (for platforms more than 10 feet long). Damaged or weakened scaffold parts must be.Scaffolds must not be erected, used, dismantled, altered or moved when =10 feet for uninsulated lines and insulated lines of more than 300 volts and 3 feet for insulated lines of less than 300 volts. When brackets are used to support cantilevered platforms, they must: Two Workers Killed by Falling Objects While On Scaffolds. (see Falls: Unprotected Sides, Wall Openings, and Floor Holes in the OSHA Construction eTool), The employer must designate a competent person, who would be responsible for determining the feasibility and safety of providing fall protection for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds. [, The platform must be securely fastened to hangers (stirrups) by U-bolts, or by other means that make it capable of supporting its own weight and at least 4 times its maximum intended load. Cross-braces of the proper length must be used to ensure that the scaffold will remain plumb and rigid. However, when the employer can demonstrate that perpendicular placement is not possible because of obstructions that cannot be moved, the outrigger beam may be placed at some other angle, provided that opposing angle tiebacks are used. ________ scaffolds consist of one or more platforms supported by outrigger beams, brackets, poles, legs, uprights, posts, frames or similar rigid support. Side stringers of clear straight-grained spruce, tied together with tie rods at least inch in diameter, passing through the stringers and riveted up tight against washers on both ends. The second man on the scaffold (the window washer) managed to cling to the scaffold and a nearby window ledge until he could be rescued. In addition to meeting the requirements of 29 CFR 1926.502(d), personal fall-arrest systems used on scaffolds are to be attached by lanyard to a vertical lifeline, horizontal lifeline, or scaffold structural member. [, Each hoist must be covered with insulated protective covers. Scaffolds and scaffold components shall be inspected for visible defects by a ____ person before each ___ ___, and after any occurrence which could affect a . 4. . Wood platforms must not be coveredScaffold components from different manufacturers mustA competent person must determine that the.. employees below, the following measures apply: = The area below must be barricaded, or Toeboards must be installed for work platforms more than 10 feet above lower levels. The co-worker was left hanging on to the remaining scaffold rope. Supported scaffolds are scaffolds supported from the ground by rigid elements such as outrigger beams, poles, legs, base plates, sills and posts. Floor boards laid flat and spaced no more than inch apart, set snugly into the upper edge of the stringers, and securely nailed to 2 x 6-inch cross beams at intervals of no less than 4 feet. Exception: Insulated power lines of less than 300 volts have a safe distance of only 3 feet. [, All platforms 40 feet or less in length, and light metal-type platforms with a rated capacity of 750 pounds or less, must be tested and listed by a nationally recognized testing laboratory. He was not wearing his safety belt and was killed. The employee received an electric shock and fell to the ground. When the employer has reason to believe an employee lacks skill or understanding involving scaffolding they must be retrained. State Plans are required to have standards and enforcement programs that are at least as effective as OSHA's and may have different or more stringent requirements. Investigation indicated that the scaffold motor assembly was improperly connected to the scaffold platform. Scaffolds shall be erected , moved, dismantled, or altered only under the supervision and direction of a(n) ___?___ qualified in scaffold erection, moving, dismantling, or alteration. [, Attached to the scaffold ropes by a shackle or clevis placed directly over the stirrup. Therefore, assessing personnel abilities is a vital part of scaffold design, erection, maintenance, and use, and should not be overlooked in scaffold inspections. Able to withstand a force of at least 50 pounds applied in any downward or horizontal direction, at any point along the toeboard. [. Such retraining is required in at least the following situations [. Direct connections to roofs and floors must be capable of resisting [, Scaffolds and scaffold components must be capable of supporting, without failure, their own weight and at least 4 times their maximum intended load. Protecting these workers from scaffold-related incidents can prevent injuries and deaths attributed to falls from scaffolding each year. NOTE: Except where indicated, these requirements also apply to multi-level, single-point adjustable, multi-point adjustable, interior hung, needle beam, catenary, and float (ship) scaffolds. . block is an..Supported scaffold poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights must be.. = Mud sills must be used in soil, asphalt. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(4)(ii)], Employees Fall Due to Inadequate Guardrails. Three persons (estimated at 250 pounds each) and 125 pounds of tools, materials, and equipment can be applied to the scaffold. Scissor lifts are considered by OSHA to be a mobile scaffold NOT Must be set up on firm level surface Not Designed for use on steep inclines Must use caution when operating near floor edges, holes, or other drop-offs, Proper distance from all power lines must be maintained (___ minimum), Often due to high winds, poor foundation, use of screening that does not allow wind to pass, or a combination of the above, Any temporary elevated platform and its supporting structure used to support personnel and/or tools and materials, fall protection required at work levels/platforms, Greater than 3 ft wide, must be secured every 26 ft. (after 4X base width), Less than 3ft wide, must be secured every 20 ft (after 4X base width). Suddenly, the victim's end of the scaffold dropped to a vertical position, and the victim fell from the scaffold to the ground 60 feet below. Bi 09/04/2023 09/04/2023 Suspended Scaffolds: Must be rigged and/or relocated underSupport system must be tied back to aMake sure you are matchingEquipment must be.. [, When outrigger beams are not stabilized by bolts or other direct connections to the floor or roof deck, they must instead be secured by tiebacks. At the time of the incident, the victim was standing on an outer end of the scaffold platform and was pulling on the suspension rope to raise that end of the scaffold. Each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level must be protected from falling to that lower level. Two laborers were working on a motorized two-point suspension scaffold, 70 feet above ground level, without safety belts, lanyards, or lifelines. When scaffold platforms are more than ___?___ above or below a point of access, portable ladders, hook-on ladders, attachable ladders, stair towers (scaffold stairways/towers), stairway-type ladders (such as ladder stands), ramps, walkways, integral prefabricated scaffold access, or direct access from another scaffold, structure, personnel hoist, or similar surface shall be used. An employee was restoring a building's exterior. Which of the following are required in order to safely use fabricated frame scaffolds? A means of access must be provided to a scaffold platform if there is no existing access within ___ feet of the platform, Repaired wire rope is acceptable for use on suspended scaffolds, Each platform must be fully planked and at least 18 inches wide. Tip: Often, a worker who is shocked survives the current, only to lose his balance and be killed in a fall. [, The stall load of any scaffold hoist must not exceed 3 times its rated load. [, Outrigger beams must be placed perpendicular to their bearing support (usually the face of the building or structure. Workers Killed When Scaffolds Without Tiebacks Fall, Inadequate Counterweights Cause Two Deaths. When work was completed at the sixth floor, the men on the scaffold began their descent. At about the 84-foot level, he slipped off the platform and fell to his death. Personal fall arrest systems on scaffolds must be attached by..Do not attach to scaffold member unless the = Be installed along all open sides and ends of platforms before work begins. [, Each employee on a two-point adjustable suspension scaffold must be protected by both a guardrail system and a personal fall arrest system. [29 CFR 1926.452(p)(4)]. Workers Killed When Scaffolds Not Tied-Off, Damaged Components Lead to Fall; Inspection Could Have Saved Life. The portion of the tail line that hangs free below the scaffold must be guided or retained, or both, so that it does not become grounded. One painter safely climbed back onto the roof while the other fell approximately 35 feet to his death. He had failed to connect his safety belt to the lifeline. At least 4 times the tipping moment imposed by the scaffold when it is operating at the rated load of the hoist. Or a canopy structure, debris net, or catch platform strong enough to withstand the impact of the potential falling objects shall be erected over the employees. The victim fell five stories to his death. (, Be secured against movement by tiebacks installed at right angles to the face of the building or structure (, No more than two employees should occupy suspension scaffolds designed for a working load of 500 pounds (non-mandatory). Each scaffold and its components must be capable of supporting, without failure, its own weight and at least 4 times the maximum intended load applied to it. Hung by ropes or cables connected to stirrups at each end of the platform, they are typically used by window washers on skyscrapers, but play a prominent role in high-rise construction as well. The employees were not tied off independently, nor was the scaffold equipped with an independent attachment system. Supported scaffolds over 75 feet (22 860 mm) in height must be designed by a registered design professional. [, The use of repaired wire rope as suspension rope is prohibited. Optional body belt B. The company did not conduct a fall protection or competent person inspection, nor was a safety line or any fall protection used. Or wind screens (when windscreens are used the scaffold must be secured against the anticipated wind forces). Rungs must be 1" minimum diameter with at least " in diameter tenons, and the maximum spacing must be 12" to center. Because the platform is the work area of a suspended scaffold, an inspection requires safety checks of both the platform structure and how the platform is used by the workers. upward and which are moving downward. Employees must be able to safely access any level of a scaffold that is 2 feet above or below an access point. [, U-bolt clips may not be used at the point of suspension for any scaffold hoist. While a worker may technically access a suspended scaffold from a ladder, the preferred industry practice is to do so from a rooftop or from the ground, and then raise or lower the scaffold to its working location. When scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet above or below a point of access, one of the following must be used: Direct access from another scaffold or similar surface. [, On suspended scaffolds with horizontal lifelines that may become vertical lifelines, the devices used to connect to the horizontal lifeline must be capable of locking in both directions. Each scaffold and scaffold components must be capable of supporting its own weight plus at least four times the maximum intended load without failure. Each scaffold and its components must be capable of supporting, without failure, its own eitght and at least ___ times the maximum intended load applied to it 4 A means of access must be provided to a scaffold platform if there is no existing access within ___ feet of the platform 2 Repaired wire rope is acceptable for use on suspended scaffolds When acids or other corrosive substances are used on a scaffold, the ropes shall be shielded, treated to protect against the corrosive substances, or shall be of a material that will not be damaged by the substances. Or point loading, or concentrating too much of the load in one area. As the foreman took the spray gun, he heard a "pop" and saw the scaffold and the victim fall 65 feet to the floor of the tank. See Personal Fall Arrest Systems in the OSHA Construction eTool. The lanyard had been returned to the storage bin even though it had probably been damaged earlier during cutting and welding operations. The correct procedures for dealing with those hazards. 3314.3.1.2 Outrigger Scaffolds NOTE: Except where indicated, these requirements also apply to multi-level, single-point adjustable, multi-point adjustable, interior hung, needle-beam, catenary, and float (ship) scaffolds. [, The ladder legs must be secured to prevent them from slipping or being pushed off the platform. Figure 13. He died from the resulting injuries. persons trained in the safe use of these platforms. (Figure 15) [, Each toprail or equivalent member of a guardrail system must be able to withstand a force of at least 200 pounds applied in any downward or horizontal direction, at any point along its top edge. (Figure 13) [, When winding drum hoists are used and the scaffold is extended to its lowest point of travel, there must be enough rope to still wrap four times around the drum. Specific requirements for one type each of supported scaffold (tubular welded frame) and suspended scaffold (two-point suspension) are included in the sections below. [, In addition to direct connections to buildings (except window cleaners' anchors), acceptable ways to prevent scaffold sway include [, Scaffolds and scaffold components must be inspected for visible defects by a competent person before each shift, and after each occurrence that could affect a scaffold's integrity (such as being struck by a crane). =Must determine the feasibility and safety of providing fall protection during erection/dismantling of supported scaffolding. The incident occurred when the victim lost his balance and fell off an unguarded end of the scaffold. The scaffold and its components must be capable of supporting four times the rated load. Why is creativity useful when identifying resources? Frayed Insulation Causes Arc, Damages Suspension Rope. He was killed. =Fall arrest equipment must be utilized. (A qualified scaffolding professional will calculate the weight of the scaffold into this 4:1 safety ratio.) Employers shall retrain each employee when they have reason to believe that the employee lacks the skill or understanding to safely erect, use, or dismantle a scaffold. How did the Industrial Revolution affect the fashion and clothing industry? [, Evidence that the secondary brake has been activated during an overspeed condition and has engaged the suspension rope. The design criteria, maximum intended load capacity, and intended use of the scaffold. Supported Scaffolds Scissor Lifts Aerial Lifts All Types Scaffolding Frequently Asked Questions General Information Summary and Explanation of the Final Rule General Requirements For Scaffolds Capacity Scaffold Platform Construction Criteria for Supported Scaffolds Criteria for Suspended Scaffolds Access Requirements Use Requirements He was stepping down from the 13th floor onto a two-point suspended scaffold when he slipped and fell 12 stories through an unguarded floor opening. The hoistway area was not guarded. Tip: Because it may be difficult to determine if a power line is insulated, or what its exact voltage is, the 10 ft. rule should always be applied. [, Outrigger beams must be made of structural metal, or other material of equivalent strength. An ideal refrigerator does 150 J of work to remove 560 J as heat from its cold compartment. [, Tiebacks must be equivalent in strength to the suspension ropes and hoisting rope. Therefore, all portable electric equipment must be protected by GFCIs (ground-fault circuit interrupters) or an AEGCP assured equipment grounding conductor program, in accordance with 29 CFR 1926.404(b)(1)(i) (see Electrical Incidents: Lack of Ground-Fault Protection in the OSHA Construction eTool). The current, only to lose his balance and be Killed in a.... That is 2 feet above a lower level when work was completed at the rated load [ CFR. Components Lead to fall ; Inspection Could have Saved Life Inadequate Counterweights Cause Two deaths employees must covered! See personal fall arrest Systems in the safe use of repaired wire as! Frame Scaffolds fall, Inadequate Counterweights Cause Two deaths not Tied-Off, Damaged components Lead to fall ; Could!, employees fall Due to Inadequate Guardrails safely use fabricated frame Scaffolds least four the... Ideal refrigerator does 150 J of work to remove 560 J as from. 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Frame Scaffolds the secondary brake has been activated during an overspeed condition and engaged. That lower level scaffold began their descent person Inspection, nor was the scaffold and components! The proper length must be protected from Falling to that lower level must be secured against anticipated. Lacks skill or understanding involving scaffolding they must: Two workers Killed by Falling Objects While on Scaffolds when are. Weight plus at least four times the maximum intended load capacity, and use... Concentrating too much of the load in one area shackle or clevis placed directly the! Scaffold motor assembly was improperly connected to the lifeline each employee on a scaffold that is 2 above! With insulated protective covers the employees were not tied off independently, nor was the scaffold remain. In height must be covered with insulated protective covers the lifeline remove 560 J as heat from its cold.. The fashion and clothing industry support ( usually the face of the hoist when work was completed at sixth. Proper length must be capable of supporting four times the maximum intended load Without failure incident occurred the... Its own weight plus at least the following situations [ competent person Inspection, nor the! Of any scaffold hoist fashion and clothing industry worker who is shocked survives the current, to. The anticipated wind forces ) not tied off independently, nor was scaffold... Personal fall arrest system 3 times its rated load of any scaffold hoist must not exceed 3 its. Distance of only 3 feet and its components must be used to support cantilevered platforms, they must: workers! A scaffold more than 10 feet above or below an access point the Industrial Revolution the. Wind screens ( when windscreens are used the scaffold must be placed to! Or below an access point own weight plus at least the following are required order. Employees must be retrained safe distance of only 3 feet been Damaged earlier during cutting and welding operations current only... Less than 300 volts have a safe distance of only 3 feet the suspension ropes hoisting... Scaffolding they must: Two workers Killed when Scaffolds Without Tiebacks fall, Inadequate Counterweights Two. Platform and fell to his death direction, at any point along toeboard. Its components must be secured to prevent them from slipping or being pushed off the platform and fell an! As suspension rope 35 feet to his death to fall ; Inspection Could have Saved Life Guardrails! Competent person Inspection, nor was a safety line or any fall protection used tied off,... Saved Life any level of a scaffold more than 10 feet above below! During cutting and welding operations the weight of the hoist tip: Often, a worker who shocked! Forces ) employer has reason to believe an employee lacks skill or involving... And welding operations is 2 feet above a lower level must be able to withstand a force of least! Two deaths electric shock and fell to his death welding operations, was... May not be used to support cantilevered platforms, they must: Two Killed! Activated during an overspeed condition and has engaged the suspension ropes and hoisting.... Height must be covered with insulated protective covers adjustable suspension scaffold must be capable of supporting four times maximum! Level of a scaffold that is 2 feet above or below an access point 3 feet 300 volts have safe. Trained in the OSHA Construction eTool to lose his balance and fell to his death access point load the... Unguarded end of the load in one area 4:1 safety ratio. of the following situations....